Primary and secondary humoral immune response

 In the first encounter with the antigen that is called sensitization or immunization a  primary immune response  takes place. There is a lag period before the antibody can be detected (this is the time taken for B cells to recognize the antigen, to proliferate and differentiate). The antibody levels gradually rise, reach a steady state and gradually decline. In the primary response the antibody levels are low and the response is short lived. The main antibody produced is IgM.

 In the second encounter with the antigen there is a secondary immune response  because the specific immune response has memory . The large number of memory cells that develop in the primary immune response can recognize the antigen quicker and proliferate and differentiate faster . So in secondary immune response lag period is shorter , the antibody levels are higher and the response is much longer lasting . The main antibody is IgG

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